高中英語閱讀理解試題及答案
高考英語閱讀考察的是大家對(duì)文章的理解與信息的提取能力，為了幫助大家，小編分享了一些閱讀理解題，希望能對(duì)大家有所幫助!
閱讀理解【1】
Artificial(假的) flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of materials, such as wax and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be distinguished from natural flowers. In making such models, painstaking and artistry are called for, as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure. The collection of glass flowers in the Botanical Museum of Harvard University is the most famous in North America and is widely known throughout the scientific world. In all, there are several thousand models in colored glass, the work of two artist-naturalists, Leopold Blaschka and his son Rudolph.?
The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States. Although it was never completed. It contains more than seven hundred species representing 164 families of flowering plants, a group of fruits showing the effect of fungus diseases, and thousands of flower parts and magnified details. Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure. The models are kept in locked cases as they are too valuable and fragile for classroom use.?
51. Which of the following is the best title for the passage??
A. An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers ?
B. The Lives of Leopold and Rudolph?
C. Flowers Native to the United States?
D. Material Used for Artificial Flowers?
52. It can be inferred from the passage that the goal of Leopold and Rudolph was to ______________.?
A. create a botanical garden where only exotic flowers grew?
B. do a thorough study of plant structure?
C. make a copy of one member of each United States flower family?
D. show that glass are more realistic than wax flowers?
53.The underlined word “it” refers to ______________.?
A. the intention B. the collection C. one member D. each flower family?
54. Which of the following is NOT included in the display at the Botanical Museum of Harvard University??
A. Models of 164 families of flowering plants.?
B. Magnified details of flower parts.?
C. Several species of native birds.?
D. A group of diseased fruits.?
55. Which of the following statements is true of the flowers at Harvard University?
A. They form a completed collection.?
B. They have a marvelous fragrance.?
C. They are loaned to schools for classroom use.?
D. They use authentic representations.
【答案與解析】 51—55 ACBCD
51.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。短文說明了美國(guó)the Botanical Museum of Harvard University收藏玻璃花的目的、收藏品的豐富、精致的細(xì)節(jié)等內(nèi)容,所以用An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers作標(biāo)題最合適。?
52.C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States.”可知收藏的'目的是把美國(guó)所有的花都復(fù)制一種。?
53.B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)它前后的內(nèi)容:目的是使收藏能代表美國(guó)的每一類花,盡管還沒有完成,只能是收藏還沒有完成。?
54.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。信息來自第二段的內(nèi)容,C項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容在第二段中沒有提及,其他各項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容都有相關(guān)的說明。?
55.D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure.”可知這些玻璃花的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)都制作得很精致,都是真實(shí)的再現(xiàn)。
閱讀理解【2】
The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.
Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.
As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals—many of which were built in the nineteenth century — provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.
During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.
41. We can know from the first paragraph that ______________.
A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody
B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up
C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948
D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers
42. What do we know about the NHS?
A. It’s managed by the central government.
B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions.
C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.
D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.
43. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ____________.
A. take care of the local people’s health
B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best
C. work under high pressure nowadays
D. have more responsibilities than before
44. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean?
A. suffering B. different C. prevented D. free
45. The biggest problem for the NHS is ______________.
A. many hospitals are too old to be used
B. some services are in the charge of individuals
C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment
D. there is not enough money for further reform
【答案與解析】 41—45 CCBDD
國(guó)家保健中心由中央政府直接負(fù)責(zé)，但由地方當(dāng)局管理。建立國(guó)家保健中心的最初目的 是為農(nóng)村居民提供免費(fèi)的基本健康護(hù)理，尤其兒童、孕婦等可享受免費(fèi)治療。
41. C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立國(guó)家保健中心的最初目的是為農(nóng)村居民提供免費(fèi)的基本健康護(hù)理，而不是針對(duì)所有的'人，所以前兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。
42. C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第4自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe…”可知。從第二自然段第一句可以看出國(guó)家保健中心由中央政府直接負(fù)責(zé)，但由地方當(dāng)局管理，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。
43. B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一自然段話“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府鼓勵(lì)全科醫(yī)生之間相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，而不是讓他們進(jìn)行競(jìng)賽，看誰的醫(yī)術(shù)高明。
44. D。猜測(cè)詞義題。前面提到醫(yī)生開藥方及給病人治療牙病需要收費(fèi)，再結(jié)合but一詞可推斷兒童、孕婦等可享受免費(fèi)治療。
45. D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一自然段最后一句可知。
閱讀理解【3】
Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do，and home has
become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked，canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant，the work’s canteen，and the school dining-room.
It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home，and his children rarely，if ever，see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation，and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money，and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work，but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child’s home life，the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue，but children lose something of great value if mother’s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school.
41. The writer mentions home as workshop because______.
A. fathers often pursue employment at home
B. parents had to make food and necessity themselves for their daily-life
C. many families produce goods at home for sale
D. both fathers and mothers and mothers in most families are workers
答案：B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。解析：從第一段可知。
42. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means______.
A. in the past, home was more like a workshop
B. home is much more of a workshop now
C. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer
D. home was less like a workshop in the past
答案：A。推理判斷題。解析：從第一句“Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do，and home become much less of a workshop.” 和下文所述可知，過去日常生活所需大部分都由自己做，“家”就如a workshop一樣
43.The word“accrue”in the sentence“When mother...accrue，”is closest in meaning to __________________.
A. change B. dwindle C. double D. increase
答案：D。詞義猜測(cè)題。解析：從“When mother works, economic advantages accure.”可判斷出。
44. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation is ___________________.
A. that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work
B. that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any more
C. that there is a wide choice of employment for children
D. that children also like to have jobs outside
答案：C。推理判斷題。解析：由“...in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money...”可知答案。
45. What makes father no longer the only dominant person in a family?
A. With their earning，mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life.
B. There are many choice of employment for mothers and children.
C. Father does much less for his children today than he used to.
D. The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now.
答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。解析： 見第二段“With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century.”。
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